Motors & Propellers
Verify the v1 motor map and rotation with propellers removed; do not rely on an undocumented single-motor test control.
# Motor order
Swipe horizontally to see all columns.
| Motor | Location | GPIO | Required rotation | Propeller |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Front-right | 5 | CCW | CCW |
| 2 | Rear-right | 4 | CW | CW |
| 3 | Rear-left | 13 | CCW | CCW |
| 4 | Front-left | 15 | CW | CW |
# Verify mapping before spinning motors
The public v1.0.0 application materials do not define a dedicated single-motor test control, so this beginner path does not assume one exists.
- 1
Power off and remove propellers
Disconnect the battery/power source and remove every propeller.
- 2
Trace each motor output
Use the board labels/schematic and continuity where practical to confirm M1→front-right, M2→rear-right, M3→rear-left and M4→front-left.
- 3
Connect and ARM only after the full bench setup is ready
Use the normal application control path with throttle at minimum; telemetry must confirm the intended controller and ARMED state before any powered motor check.
- 4
Raise throttle only enough to confirm operation
With the frame secured and propellers removed, use the lowest practical powered command above the motor-off boundary. Confirm all motors respond and observe their rotation direction.
- 5
Return throttle to minimum and DISARM
Normal motor output should stop at the documented low-throttle boundary; issue DISARM at low throttle before touching wiring.
# Correct a mismatch safely
M1 and M3 must rotate CCW; M2 and M4 must rotate CW. If a reference two-wire brushed motor rotates the wrong way, correct its motor wiring/polarity only with power disconnected. Custom motor-driver hardware may use a different reversal method; follow that hardware rather than assuming the reference method applies.
Do not install propellers if any motor is on the wrong corner, does not start/stop predictably, or rotates in the wrong direction.
# Install propellers last
Only after the complete propeller-off bench test passes, install each propeller so its CW/CCW type matches the motor table. Confirm the propeller is secure and has clearance from wiring and the frame.
# Identify propeller type and clearance before installation
Before installation, identify each propeller as CW or CCW from reliable specifications or markings for that product. If you cannot positively identify a propeller, do not install it and do not guess from color or appearance.